Untreated chlamydial infections lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and salpingitis (inflamed fallopian tubes – the tubes which carry the egg from the ovaries to the womb) sometimes requiring surgical resection (specimen above – surgically resected chlamydial salpingitis). Salpingitis can cause deadly ectopic pregnancy (a pregnancy outside the womb) and blocked fallopian tubes, which can result in infertility.